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So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in person, from busy schedules to long distances (距离) to a rather unexpected pandemic. Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. But if you're someone who prefers typed out messages, you may want to reconsider.
A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social connections than communication through typing, like text messaging or email.
In the study, researchers used experiments to judge connectedness, In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then asked people at random to do one or the other .Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better ，In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication--whether video or audio only-made the strangers feel more connected than when they communicated through texting.
Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City, says people prefer texting or email instead of calling because of convenience (方), as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can “communicate exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person.”
Romanoff says that in reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation.“A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message she explains.“Each party is more present, and therefore, able to make sense of the meaning behind the content without thinking over the endless possible meanings behind words.
16. What does the passage mainly tell us?
A.Texting does harm to social relationships
B.Voice communication brings people closer
C.A phone call does more good than a text message
D.People prefer a text message rather than a phone call
17.How did the researchers carry out the study?
A.By imagining
B.By discussing
C.By comparing
D.By reasoning.
18. What does the underlined word “anticipated”in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Refused.
C. Ensured.
B. Expected.
D. Disagreed.
19. People prefer to text rather than call because they think（）.
A. texting makes them feel more connected
B. they feel awkward when making a phone call
C. texting helps communicate their information exactly
D. calling helps determine the true meaning behind the conversation
16.[答案]B。解析:主旨题。文章第一段引出话题发信息这种沟通方式需要重新考虑一下。第二段给出了一项研究结果:与打字交流(如短信或电子邮件)相比，语音交流增强了社会联系。第三段详细描述了该研究的过程。第四段解释了人们喜欢打字交流的原因。第五段表明在现实中，发短信会让人很难确定对话背后的真正含义，而打电话更能保证信息传达的效果,使对话双方能理解对话内容背后的含义。通读全文可知本文主要说明的是语音交流让人们更加亲密。原文未提及A项，故排除。C、D两项只是作者描述的现象，并不是其最终想要表达的观点,故排除。故本题选B
17.[答案]C。解析:细节题。根据第三段中的“In one, they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then asked people at random to done or the other和 “In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connect by either texting, talking over video chat or talking using only audio”可知研究者是通过对比受试者进行实验的结果来开展这项本题选C。
18.[答案]B。解析:词汇题。refuse“拒绝回绝”，expect“预期,预料”，ensure“保证,确保”disagree“不同意,不赞成”。根据画线词所在句“Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward. hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better”可知,尽管人们 (打)电话会更尴尬,但听到某个人的声音实际上会有更好的体验。由此可推断出，Although引导的让步状语从句表示人们设想或预期的结果，anticipate与expect在意思上最为接近。故本题选B。
19.[答案]C。解析:细节题。根据第四段中的“people prefer texting or email instead of calling because of convenience (方便), as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can 'communicate exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person”可知,人们更喜欢发送短信或发邮件的原因是他们认为这是一种可控的交流方式,可以完全按照自己想要的方式进行交流。故本题选C。原文未提及A项，故排除。根据第二段可知,人们认为给很久不联系的老朋友打电话会更尴尬，原文未提及人们给其他人打电话时会尴尬，故排除B项;D项并不是人们不喜欢打电话的原因，而是打电话的好处，故排除.
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