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Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances.Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties.Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles （困难）.People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties.Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off （挡开） illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways.First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us.Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties.Second, other people often provide us with informational support.They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them.Third, we typically find social companionship supportive.Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting （转移…注意力） us from our worries and troubles.Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
12.Interpersonal relationships are important because ________.
A.they are indispensable to people's social well-being
B.they awaken people's desire to exchange resources
C.they help people to cope with life in the information era
D.they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc
13.Research shows that people's physical and mental health ________.
A.relies on the social welfare systems which support them
B.has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
C.depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D.is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
14.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "cushions" (Line 1, Para.2)?
A.Adds up to.
B.Does away with.
C.Lessens the effect of.
D.Lays the foundation for.
15.Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of ________.
A.instrumental support
B.informational support
C.social companionship
D.the strengthening of self-respect
16.Social companionship is beneficial in that ________.
A.it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
B.it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
C.it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable
D.it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
12.【答案】A
13.【答案】B
14.【答案】C
15.【答案】A
16.【答案】D
【全文翻译】
既然我们是社会人，我们的生活质量在很大程度上取决于我们的人际关系。人类状况的一个优点是我们在压力环境下倾向于给予和接受彼此的支持。社会支持包括人们之间基于他们的人际关系交换资源。我们中有强大支持的人系统似乎能够更好地应对重大生活变化和日常麻烦(困难）.社会关系密切的人比没有社会关系的人寿命更长，健康状况更好。对从抑郁症到心脏病等一系列疾病的研究表明，社会支持有助于人们抵御疾病(挡开） 疾病，而缺乏这种支持更可能导致健康不佳。
社会支持可以通过多种方式缓解压力。首先，朋友、亲戚和同事可能会让我们知道他们重视我们。当我们感到自己的缺点和困难被他人接受时，我们的自尊就会增强。其次，其他人经常向我们提供信息支持。他们帮助我们定义和理解我们的问题，并找到解决问题的方法。第三，我们通常认为社会交往是有帮助的。与他人一起参加休闲活动有助于我们满足社会需求，同时分散注意力(转移…注意力） 最后，其他人可能会给我们提供工具性的支持——财政援助、物质资源和所需的服务，通过帮助我们解决和处理问题来减轻压力。
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