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Victor Hugo, 1802- 1885, was a celebrated French literary giant. After the British and French invaders had burnt the Winter Palace in November, 1861, he wrote a reply to an officer named Bartlette.
Sir, you ask me what I think of the expedition to China. You must feel that it was praiseworthy, well done. In your opinion, the expedition, performed under the joint banner of Queen Victoria and Emperor Napoleon, was nothing short of a British-French glory. Therefore you would like to know to what extent I appreciate this glory. Since you ask, I will answer as Follows:
In a corner of the world there existed a man-made miracle—the Winter Palace. Art has two sources: one, an ideal, from which has come European art; two, fancy, from which has come Oriental art. The Winter Palace belongs in the art of fancy. The Winter Palace, indeed, was the fruit of all of the art that an almost superman race could have fancied. The Winter Palace was a model of fancy if fancy can have a model. If only you can imagine an ineffable
architectural structure, like a palace in the moon, a fairyland, that is the Winter Palace. If you can imagine a treasure-island, a pool of human perceptive power, expressed in the concrete form of palaces and temples, that is the Winter Palace. It took two generations of manpower to create the Winter Palace, which subsequently went through improvement and perfection over several centuries. For whom was the Winter Palace built, after all? Eventually, for the people. Because as time passes by, all that the people has made remains in the possession of mankind. Great artists, poets, philosophers-they all knew about the Winter Palace. Voltaire (Francois Marie Arouet) once talked about it. Many people at different times compared the Winter Palace to the Parthenon, the Pyramids, the Arena, the Noue Dane. If they could not see the winter Palace with their own eyes they could dream about it—as if in the distance they saw a breath-taking masterpiece of art as they had never known before—as if there above the horizon of European civilization was towering the outline of Asian civilization.
Now, the miracle is no more! One day, two pirates broke into it. One of them robbed; the other set every building and everything in it on fire! Judging by what they did, we know that the victors could degenerate into robbers. The two of them fell to dividing between themselves the treasure. What great victories they had won! What a heaven-sent fortune! One stuffed his pockets full to overflowing: the other filled in his bags with treasure. Then, hand in hand they made off, laughing happily.
Incidentally, I must thank you for giving me the opportunity to make this accusation. The rulers commit crimes but the ruled do not. The government becomes a robber, but the people
will never.
France has gained a large portion of the treasure. Now, she thinks herself the rightful owner of the property, and she is displaying the riches of the Winter Palace! I can only hope that there will come one day when France will disburden herself of the heavy load on her conscience and cleanse herself of the crime by returning to China all the treasure taken from the Winter Palace.
Sir, such is my praise of the expedition to China.
49.What does the underlined word"ineffable" most probably mean?
A.indescribable B.substantial
C.fashionable D.destroyable
50.According to the passage, the Winter Palace
A.was created by a superman race
B.was well-known only in Asian countries
C. could be seen over the European horizon
D. was improved and perfected after coming into being
51.In the third paragraph Victor Hugo mentioned the Parthenon, the Pyramids, the Arena and
the Notre Dame in order to ,
A.compare different architectural styles
B. praise European and African civilization
C. introduce some more famous buildings to Bartlette
D.praise the Winter Palace and condemn the behavior of burning it
52.We can infer that when Bartlette got the letter from Victor Hugo, he might felt
A. satisfied B. proud
C. disappointed D. frightened
53."Two pirates" in Paragraph 4 refers to .
A.Bartlette and France
B.Bartlette and Great Britain
C.France and Great Britain
D.the rulers and the government
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