江苏省盐城市教师招聘考试英语笔试真题任务型阅读2

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任务型阅读（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
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Roommates Conflicts
Identical twins Katie and Sarah Monahan arrived at  Pennsylvania ’s  Gettysburg   College  last year determined to strike out on independent paths. Although the 18-year-old sisters had requested rooms in different dorms, the housing office placed them on the eighth floor of the same building, across the hall from each other. While Katie got along well with her roommate, Sarah was miserable. She and her roommate silently warred over matters ranging from when the lights should be turned off to how the furniture should be arranged. Finally, they divided the room in two and gave up on oral communication, communicating primarily through short notes.
During this time, Sarah kept running across the hall to seek comfort from Katie. Before long, the two wanted to live together again. Sarah’s roommate eventually agreed to move out. “From the first night we lived together again, we felt so comfortable,” says Sarah. “We felt like we were back home.”
Sarah’s ability to solve her dilemma by rooming with her identical twin is unusual, but the conflict she faced is not. Despite extensive efforts by many schools to make good roommate matches, unsatisfactory outcomes are common.
Differences in preferred life styles and personalities contribute to the conflict. One roommate is always cold, while the other never wants to turn up the furnace, even though the thermometer says it’s minus five outside. One person likes quiet, while the other person spends two hours a day practicing the trumpet, or turns up his sound system to the point where the whole room vibrates.
Most roommate conflicts spring from such small, annoying differences rather than from grand disputes over abstract philosophical principles. However, if not dealt with carefully, they will eventually tear roommates apart. Roommate conflicts do harm to students’ psychological health and cause depression. Worse still, depression in college roommates is often passed from one person to another. In extreme cases, roommate conflict can lead to serious violence, as it did at Harvard last spring: One student killed her roommate before committing suicide. Many schools have started conflict resolution programs to calm tensions that otherwise can build up like a volcano preparing to explode, ultimately resulting in physical violence. Some colleges have resorted to “roommate contracts” that all new students have to sign after attending a seminar on roommate relations. The contracts cover terms like acceptable hours for study and sleep, a policy for use of each other’s possessions, etc.
Other schools have attended to the problem by using computerized matching, a process that nevertheless remains more of a guessing game than a science. Students are classified and distributed based on their responses to housing form questions about smoking tolerance, preferred hours of study and sleep, and self-described tendencies toward tidiness or disorder. However, parents sometimes weaken the process by taking the forms and filling in false and wishful data about their children habits, especially on the smoking questions. The matching process is also complicated by a philosophical debate among housing managers concerning the flavor of university life: “Do you put together people who are similar – or different, so they can learn about each other?” A cartoon sums up the way many students feel the process works: Surrounded by a mass of papers, a housing worker picks up two selection forms and exclaims, “Likes chess, likes football; they’re perfect together!”

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