提醒：点这里加小编微信（领取免费资料、获取最新资讯、解决考教师一切疑问！）
Cooperation at work is generally seen as a good thing. The latest survey by the Financial Times of what employers want from MBA graduates found that the ability to work with a wide variety of people was what managers wanted most. But managers always have to balance the benefits of teamwork, which help ensure that everyone is working towards the same goal, with the dangers of "groupthink" when critics are reluctant to point out a plan's drawbacks for fear of being kept out of the group. The disastrous Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in 1961 was a classic case of groupthink. Skeptics were reluctant to challenge John F. Kennedy, the newly elected American president.
Modern communication methods mean that cooperation is more frequent. Workers are constantly in touch with each other via e-mail messaging groups or mobile calls. But does that improve, or lower performance? A new study by three American academics, tried to answer this question. They set a logical problem (designing the shortest route for a travelling salesman visiting various cities). Three groups were involved: one where subjects acted independently; another where they saw the solutions posted by team members at every stage; and a third where they were kept informed of each other's views only intermittently.
The survey found that members of the individualist group reached the premier solution more often than the constant cooperators but had a poorer average result. The intermittent cooperators found the right result as often as the individualists, and got a better average solution. When it comes to ideal generation, giving people a bit of space to a solution seems to be a good idea. Occasional cooperation can be a big help: most people have benefited from a colleague's brainwave or (just as often) wise advice to avoid a particular course of action.
Further clues come from a book, Superminds, by Thomas Malone of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He says that three factors determine the collective intelligence of cooperating groups: social intelligence (how good people were at rating the emotional states of others); the extent to which members took part equally in conversation (the more equal, the better); and the cooperation of women in the group (the higher, the better). Groups ranked highly in these areas cooperated far better than others.
In short, cooperation may be a useful tool but it doesn't work in every situation.
34. The author cites the example of The Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in paragraph 1 to A. prove that team players are skilled at communication
B. show that teamwork cannot always be beneficial
C. prove that critics are unwilling to challenge anybody
D. show the danger of groupthink is not very serious
35. The underlined phrase "the intermittent cooperators" in paragraph 3 refers to
A. those who do not cooperate but reach the best solution
B.those who are seldom informed of other's views
C.those who cooperate with others occasionally
D.the constant cooperators with a poor average result
36.Which of the following factors makes a team cooperate better?
A.Group members cooperating all the time.
B.Group members in a good emotional state.
C. Equal distribution of men and women.
D.Equal participation in the communication.
37.Which can be the best title of the passage?
A.When Teamwork Works
B. What Teamwork Is About
C. How Teamwork Operates
D.A Useful Tool: Cooperation
提醒：点这里加小编微信（领取免费资料、获取最新资讯、解决考教师一切疑问！）
